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Cat. No. Name Size Price Add Cart
KI3275Astaxanthin5 mg$180

Chemical Characteristic

Product NameAstaxanthin
CAS No.472-61-7
Molecular Weight 596.84
FormulaC40H52O4
Chemical Name3,3'-Dihydroxy-beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione
SmilesC1(=O)C(=C(C(CC1O)(C)C)/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C=C(/C=C/C=C(/C=C/C1=C(C(=O)C(CC1(C)C)O)C)\C)\C)/C)/C)C
Chemical Structure

Biological activities

Astaxanthin is a red carotenoid pigment. Astaxanthin is mainly found in salmonids, plankton, krill, arctic shrimp, phaffia yeast, and haematococcus pluvialis.[1] Astaxanthin shows antioxidant, neuroprotection, UVA-light protection, and anti-cancer effects. Astaxanthin also can improve the immune response and be beneficial for heart health.[2] Astaxanthin inhibits quenching of singlet oxygen with an IC50 of 7 µ M.[3] Astaxanthin (10 nM) protects against UVA light-induced oxidative stress in cultured fibroblasts in vitro.[4] Astaxanthin (1-10 µ M) induces vasorelaxation mediated by nitric oxide (NO) in vitro. Oral administration of astaxanthin (50 mg/kg, 14 days) induces a significant reduction in the arterial blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) but not in normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) strain.[5] In vivo, astaxanthin treatment reduces gastric inflammation, bacterial load and modulates cytokine release by splenocytes in H. pylori infected mice.[6] Astaxanthin also inhibits the increases in body weight and weight of adipose tissue in obese mice fed a high-fat diet in vivo.[7] Astaxanthin administration (1.2, 6, or 30 mg/kg body weight) improves the swimming endurance of mice by an increase in utilization of fatty acids as an energy source.[8]

Protocols

In vitro: Astaxanthin is dissolved in absolute alcohol as stock solution.[4]

References

[1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astaxanthin
[2] Guerin M, et al. Haematococcus astaxanthin: applications for human health and nutrition. Trends Biotechnol. 2003, 21(5): 210-216.
[3] Maoka T, et al. Anti-oxidative, anti-tumor-promoting, and anti-carcinogenic activities of adonirubin and adonixanthin. J Oleo Sci. 2013, 62(3): 181-186.
[4] O'Connor I, et al. Modulation of UVA light-induced oxidative stress by beta-carotene, lutein and astaxanthin in cultured fibroblasts. J Dermatol Sci. 1998, 16(3): 226-230.
[5] Hussein G, et al. Antihypertensive and neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin in experimental animals. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005, 28(1): 47-52.
[6] Bennedsen M, et al. Treatment of H. pylori infected mice with antioxidant astaxanthin reduces gastric inflammation, bacterial load and modulates cytokine release by splenocytes. Immunol Lett. 1999, 70(3): 185-189.
[7] Ikeuchi M, et al. Effects of astaxanthin in obese mice fed a high-fat diet. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007, 71(4): 893-899.
[8] Ikeuchi M, et al. Effects of astaxanthin supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue in mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006, 29(10): 2106-2110.

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