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Cat. No. Name Size Price Add Cart
KI0721Dexamethasone50 mg$188.8

Chemical Characteristic

Product NameDexamethasone
SynonymsAeroseb-Dex
CAS No.1950-2-2
Molecular Weight 392.46
FormulaC22H29FO5
Chemical Structure

Biological activities

Dexamethasone is a potent synthetic member of the glucocorticoid class of steroid drugs. Dexamethasone acts as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant.Dexamethasone attenuates the increase in subsequent adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with an IC50 of < 1 nM in endothelial cells preincubated with lipopolysaccharlde (LPS). Dexamethasone also markedly inhibits LPS-stimulated accumulation of mRNA for ELAM-1 and expression of ELAM-1 and ICAM-1.[1] Dexamethasone potently inhibits COX-2 with an IC50 value of 7.3 nM. However, dexamethasone does not inhibit COX-1 activity. Dexamethasone inhibits COX-2 mRNA expression induced by IL-1 in human articular chondrocytes.[2] Dexamethasone also inhibits lung epithelial cell apoptosis induced by IFN-γ and Fas in vitro.[3] In vitro, dexamethasone inhibits immature dendritic cells (DC) differentiation into mature DC in the presence of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and prostaglandin E2. Dexamethasone increases expression of CD14, CD36, and CD68, molecules characteristic of monocytes/macrophages and induces CD14+CD83- cells, a subset distinct both from immature DC and mature DC.[4] In rat adipocytes in vivo, dexamethasone administration (30 µg/kg) results in a 22% decrease in insulin binding, and decreases rates of deoxyglucose uptake and glucose oxidation by the adipocytes.[5]

Protocols

In vitro: Dexamethasone is dissolved in DMSO.[3]

References

[1] Cronstein BN, et al. A mechanism for the antiinflammatory effects of corticosteroids: the glucocorticoid receptor regulates leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and expression of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992, 89(21): 9991-9995. 閵嗏偓閵嗏偓
[2] Blanco FJ, et al. Effect of antiinflammatory drugs on COX-1 and COX-2 activity in human articular chondrocytes. J Rheumatol. 1999, 26(6): 1366-1373.
[3] Wen LP, et al. Dexamethasone inhibits lung epithelial cell apoptosis induced by IFN-gamma and Fas. Am J Physiol. 1997, 273(5 Pt 1): L921-929. 閵嗏偓閵嗏偓
[4] Matasi? R, et al. Dexamethasone inhibits dendritic cell maturation by redirecting differentiation of a subset of cells. J Leukoc Biol. 1999, 66(6): 909-914.
[5] De Pirro R, et al. Effects of prednisolone and dexamethasone in vivo and in vitro: studies of insulin binding, deoxyglucose uptake and glucose oxidation in rat adipocytes. Diabetologia. 1981, 21(2): 149-153. 閵嗏偓閵嗏偓

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