Hydroxocobalamin Inhibitor CAS No. 13422-51-0

Product Name	Hydroxocobalamin
Synonyms	Alpharedisol, OHCbl, B12a
CAS No.	13422-51-0
Molecular Weight	1346.36
Formula	C₆₂H₈₉CoN₁₃O₁₅P
Smiles	c1(cc2c(cc1C)n(cn2)[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1O)OP(=O)(O[C@H](CNC(=O)CC[C@]1(/C/2=C(/C3=N/C(=C\C4=N/C(=C(\C5=N[C@@]([C@H](N2[Co]O)[C@@H]1CC(=O)N)([C@@]([C@@H]5CCC(=O)N)(C)CC(=O)N)C)/C)/[C@@]([C@@H]4CCC(=O)N)(C)CC(=O)N)/C([C@@H]3CCC(=O)N)(C)C)\C)C)C)O)CO)C
Chemical Structure

Biological activities

Hydroxocobalamin is a natural form of vitamin B_{12. Hydroxocobalamin is a hemelike molecule with a complexed cobalt (Co) atom and used for cyanide poisoning and smoke inhalation. The IC50 values for hydroxocobalamin in inhibiting responses to EDRF and NO in aorta are 3.4 and 8.4 µM, respectively, and the IC50 value for hydroxocobalamin against NO in anococcygeus muscles is 46 µM.^[1] Hydroxocobalamin inhibits purified recombinant HIV-1 integrase activity with an IC50 value of approximately 17 µM. Hydroxocobalamin inhibits HIV-1 infection of cultured monocytes and of cultured lymphocytes with IC50 values of 6 and 60 µM, respectively.^[2] In rat aortic rings, hydroxocobalamin (10-30 µM) produces concentration-dependent reductions of the relaxant action of nitric oxide (NO) and the endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated, relaxant action of acetylcholine.^[3] Hydroxocobalamin prevents cyanide transfer from red cells and plasma to tissue after nitroprusside metabolism, and thereby prevents cyanide toxicity from large intravenous doses of hydroxocobalamin.^[4]}

Protocols

In vivo: Hydroxocobalamin is dissolved in sterile saline.^[4]

References

[1] La M, et al. Comparison of the effects of hydroxocobalamin and oxyhaemoglobin on responses to NO, EDRF and the nitrergic transmitter. Br J Pharmacol. 1996, 117(5): 805-810. [2] Weinberg JB, et al. Cobalamin inhibition of HIV-1 integrase and integration of HIV-1 DNA into cellular DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998, 246(2): 393-397. [3] Rajanayagam MA, et al. Differential effects of hydroxocobalamin on NO-mediated relaxations in rat aorta and anococcygeus muscle. Br J Pharmacol. 1993, 108(1): 3-5. [4] Cottrell JE, et al. Prevention of nitroprusside-induced cyanide toxicity with hydroxocobalamin. N Engl J Med. 1978, 298(15): 809-811.

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