Polymyxin B Inhibitor CAS No. 1404-26-8

Cat. No.	Name	Size	Price
KI1208	Polymyxin B	500 mg	$62.4
	Polymyxin B	1 g	$110
	Polymyxin B	5 g	$462

Chemical Characteristic

Product Name	Polymyxin B
CAS No.	1404-26-8
Molecular Weight	1015.41
Formula	C₄₃H₈₂N₁₆O₁₂
Chemical Name	N-[4-amino-1-[[1-[[4-amino-1-oxo-1-[[6,9,18-tris(2-aminoethyl)-15-benzyl-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-12-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17,20-heptaoxo-1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptazacyclotricos-21-yl]amino]butan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl]
Smiles	C(=O)(CCCCC(CC)C)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC1C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NCC1)C(C)O)CCN)CCN)CC(C)C)Cc1ccccc1)CCN)CCN)C(C)O)CCN
Chemical Structure

Biological activities

Polymyxin B is an antibiotic with high affinity for endotoxin. Polymyxin B is a member of polymyxins, which are a group of polycationic peptides naturally synthesized by Bacillus polymyxa, a nonactinomycete bacterium. Polymyxin B acts primarily on the gram-negative bacterial cell wall, leading to rapid permeability changes in the cytoplasmic membrane and ultimately to cell death. Polymyxin B crosses the bacterial outer membrane (self-promoted pathway) by competitive divalent cation displacement by the bulky polycations, which noncovalently cross the bridge adjacent to the polysaccharide component. Polymyxin B is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and is used for the prevention of infection in neutropenic or cystic fibrosis. Polymyxin B exhibits excellent potency against P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter sp. with MIC90 of 2 and 2 µg/mL. Polymyxin B also exhibits excellent activity against the ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates with MIC50 less than 1 µg/mL.^[1] Incubation of all A. actinomycetemcomitans strains in the presence of polymyxin B results in the extraction of dose dependent leukotoxin activity. ^[2] Polymyxin B can improve cardiac and renal dysfunction due to sepsis or septic shock. Polymyxin B can effectively bind endotoxin and could potentially interrupt the biological cascade of sepsis. ^[3]

References

[1] Gales AC, et al. Contemporary assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for polymyxin B and colistin: review of available interpretative criteria and quality control guidelines. J Clin Microbiol. 2001, 39(1): 183-190. [2] Tsai CC, et al. Extraction and isolation of a leukotoxin from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans with polymyxin B. Infect Immun. 1984, 43(2): 700-705. [3] Cruz DN, et al. Early use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion in abdominal septic shock: the EUPHAS randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009, 301(23): 2445-2452.

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